KINSHASA, Mar 3 – The United States is encountering delays in expanding access to critical minerals in the Democratic Republic of Congo, as security risks, licensing disputes and regulatory hurdles slow progress following a recent bilateral agreement.
Congo, which holds the world’s largest cobalt reserves along with major copper and lithium deposits, is central to Washington’s efforts to reduce reliance on China. However, several projects identified for U.S. investment are located in unstable regions or face ownership and permitting challenges.
Ongoing tensions in eastern Congo remain a key concern, with authorities accusing Rwanda of supporting armed groups, an allegation Kigali denies. Analysts say insecurity around mining zones continues to weigh on investor confidence.
Regulatory constraints have also slowed dealmaking. Assets under consideration face issues including unclear titles and strict compliance requirements, extending timelines for U.S.-backed firms. By contrast, Chinese companies, which control more than 70 percent of Congo’s copper and cobalt output, have moved faster in deploying capital.
While Kinshasa is seeking greater U.S. participation in its mining sector, current conditions highlight the gap between strategic intent and execution in one of the world’s most complex resource markets.
